Samstag, 22. Mai 2010

Ein katholischer Gelehrter ohne Tadel


Heute findet im Frauenburger Dom ein feierliches Requiem für den Gelehrten Nikolaus Kopernikus statt. Anläßlich dieses Requiems werden seine Gebeine, die man nach langer Suche wiederfand, erneut feierlich bestattet. Am selben Ort, an dem sie auch schon vor 467 Jahren bestattet wurden, doch diesmal ist man sich endlich, nach aufwendigen gentechnischen Analysen einig, daß die Gebeine, die man heute bestattet, auch wirklich die Gebeine des Gelehrten sind.

Den Ruhm des Gelehrten macht aber nun ausgerechnet ein Werk aus,  dessen Veröffentlichung Kopernikus nicht wünschte, sogar aktiv verhindern wollte, sein Hauptwerk "De revolutionibus orbium coelestium", in  dem er die Theorie eines heliozentrischen Weltbildes begründete. Nun soll dieses Buch die "kopernikanische Wende" ausgelöst haben. Nur - wie kann dies von einem Buch behauptet werden, dessen Autor seine eigene Theorie für so unfertig hielt, daß er die Zeit für eine Veröffentlichung nicht für gekommen sah?

Tatsächlich hatte Kopernikus erfasst, daß nicht die Sonne sich um die Erde, sondern die Erde um die Sonne drehte. Doch seine Berechnungen, die sich aus seiner Theorie ergaben, führten  zu falschen Ergebnissen. Kopernikus arbeitete unter anderem auf der Grundlage einer harmonisierenden Weltsicht, die sich die Planetenbahnen nicht anders vorstellen konnte, als als perfekte Kreise, die auf einer perfekten Ebene lagen.

Kopernikus sah von der Veröffentlichung nicht deshalb ab, weil seine Theorie dem "christlichen Weltbild" widersprach, sondern weil er stichhaltige Beweise für die Richtigkeit seiner Theorie zu seinen Lebzeiten nicht finden konnte. Was nun heute niemand daran hindert, das Ammenmärchen zu erzählen, Kopernikus hab aus "Furcht vor der Anklage der Ketzerei" sein Hauptwerk nicht veröffentlichen wollen.

Was dann zu Schlagzeilen führt wie "Kirche schließt Frieden mit Kopernikus", garniert mit dem weiteren Ammenmärchen, Kopernikus sei - als Domherr, der er bis zu seinem Tod ja war - ohne Epitaph   in einem namenlosen Grab beerdigt worden.

Kopernikus lebte niemals im Konflikt mit seiner Kirche, der er bis zu seinem Tod als Domherr des Frauenburger Doms treu diente. Daß man einen Domherren in einem ungeweihten Grab beerdigte, ist eine Absurdität, die nur einem modernen Journalisten einfallen kann. Tatsächlich ließ Bischof Martin Cromer - einer der profiliertesten Vertreter der katholischen Gegenreformation - noch 1581 im Dom ein Epitaph anbringen, auf dem die Verdienste des Doktor Kopernikus gerühmt wurden. Zu einer Zeit, in der der Streit über die beiden Weltsysteme noch lange nicht beigelegt, die Theorie Kopernikus noch lange nicht fundiert begründet war.

Ein Requiem hat er aber in jedem Fall verdient, der Kopernikus, auch wenn er sich über die seltsame Liturgie von heute wahrscheinlich höchstlich wundern würde. Und daß er 1543 mit allen Ehren, die einem Domherren gebühren und mit einem feierlichen Requiem in seiner Kirche beerdigt wurde, daran gibt es keinen vernünftigen Zweifel.

25 Kommentare:

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